The last two decades have seen steady growth in the demand for showers is both the new build and the ‘one-off’ refurbishment sectors. In particular we have seen significant growth in consumer demand for ‘power showers’. The homeowner has experienced high performance showers in hotels and on holidays abroad and wants the same sensation of a high pressure, drencher shower at home.

Despite consumers’ growing knowledge of shower products there remains a popular misconception that a high performance shower equates to a ‘power shower’, ie one with a pump. This is not always the case. Here at Aqualisa, we describe high performance showers as having four key characteristics:

• Temperature control
  Thermostatic control is required to maintain water at a set temperature (with acceptable variation) even when other taps in the house are turned on/off.

• High flow rates
  At increased pressures also emphasise the requirement for full fail-safe protection. Should either supply fail the shower should shut-off immediately for total safety. Flow rate: 15 litres/minute or more are needed to satisfy most people’s perception of the ‘power’ showering (drenching) experience.

• Shower patterns
  This is determined by showerhead design. Personal tastes will dictate preference for an all-over spray or focused jet or small or large drops, simple or aerated.

• Flow pressure
  And so we come to the question, do I need a pump?

To increase the flow rate it is the Combi that requires upgrading to 100,000 or 120,000 Btu/h (28.75 to 34.5kW) to provide a flow of 11-14 litres/minute. Alternatively, a more practical solution could be to install a storage system to be heated by the Combi and which may then be pump boosted. As this ‘dual system’ leaves other terminal fittings to be supplied separately by hot water generated by the Combi there would be no sudden surprises in the shower cubicle when other hot or cold taps are operated.

Finally, when installing a pump consider and check the following

• Pump sizing
  Do not fall into the trap of ‘when is doubt buy a big one.’ Installing too powerful a pump is neither sensible nor energy efficient.

• Pump siting
  Regard a twin-ended pump as a ‘pusher’ not a ‘puller’. The pump must be sited close to the water cylinder.

• Pipework sizing
  At Aqualisa we always recommend the use of 22mm pipework for pumps for both the inlets and outlets to ensure optimum performance. We would not endorse the use of 15mm pipework when installing pumps capable of generating pressures in excess of 1 bar.

• Hot water cylinder capacity
  We print an easy-to-read pump performance chart so that the installer can ensure adequate hot and cold storage capacities. Remember the general rule that mixed water at the showerhead is approximately 2/3rds hot and 1/3rd cold.

• Hot water cylinder temperature control
  Ensure that the cylinder is controlled to a maximum 65C. Water may boil in a kettle at 100C but reduce the pressure on a liquid, as we do in the inlet or suction side of a pump, and we correspondingly reduce the boiling point. If the pressure is reduced to such an extent that pump inlet water is nearing its boiling point, cavitation will occur resulting in poor showering performance and reduced pump life.